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On 17 November 1970, the self-propelled lunar rover Lunokhod-1 landed on the moon. The unmanned Lunokhod-1 was a hybrid all-terrain vehicle. It consisted of two main parts… an eight-wheeled chassis and a sealed mission container. Each of the eight wheels of the chassis led to an independent motor. Scientific instrumentation was in the mission container… it had gear to analyse the chemical composition of the lunar soil, a device for studying the mechanical properties of the soil, radiometric equipment, an X-ray telescope, and a laser corner reflector of French manufacture for precise measurement of distances. The container was in the form of a truncated cone; the upper base of the cone, which served as a radiator to dissipate waste heat, had a larger diameter than the lower. During the lunar night, the lid acted as a cooler. The surface of the lid was covered with solar cells, which recharged the battery during the lunar day. Ground controllers remotely operated Lunokhod-1 from the Earth during its 10.5 month lifespan. During this time, Lunokhod-1 travelled 10.54 kilometres (6.5 miles), it transmitted to Earth 200 telephoto panoramas and about 20,000 pictures via its television camera. It obtained stereoscopic images of the most interesting features of the terrain, allowing a detailed study of their structure.
23 November 2012
RIA-Novosti
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